(1) Soldaderasare also called galletas -- "cookies" (Soto, 43) or "camp followers" (Reséndez, 526). The terms "soldadera" and "camp follower" are used interchangeably. Back to text.

(2) I also use Reséndez FuentesÕ differentiation in this writing to distinguish between "soldaderas", who acted as support to the soldiers by cooking, nursing, spying, smuggling, etc. and "female soldiers" who participated in combat. The two roles rarely overlapped. Back to text.

(3) Prostitution was generally an urban phenomenon, but there were also many prostitutes who served the troops, and could also be considered "camp followers". Back to text.

(4) See Appendix I. Back to text.

(5) It should be noted that Neil Harvey lists only 3 organizations exclusively for campesina women in his article entitled, "Las organizaciones sociales ante el conflicto armado de Chiapas" This suggests that more womenÕs organizations may have either been formed or become more accessible since the 1994 uprising. Back to text.

(6) Particularly inspirational to the womenÕs movement is Comandanta Ramona, who has become a symbol of struggling women. Back to text.

(7) The "white guards" are the ranchers' private militias. Back to text.

(8) Women are responsible for birth-control because the most widely used method is the pill. Condoms are not as readily available and are used when the pill makes the woman sick (ÁZapatistas! 307). Back to text.

(9) The rape of Cecilia Rodríguez, representative of the Zapatista movement in the United States, while visiting Chiapas in October 1995, is an example of this type of repressive, terrorist action. In addition, dozens of indigenous women are continually harassed and raped by federal soldiers and para-military members with impunity (Amnesty International, 1996). Back to text.