In Cyberwar is Coming!, RAND researchers Arquilla and Ronfeldt (1993) define netwar as "information-related conflict at a grand level between nations or societies." They state that "it may involve public diplomacy measures, propaganda and psychological campaigns, political and cultural subversion, deception of or interference with local media, infiltration of computer networks and databases, and efforts to promote dissident or opposition movements across computer networks."
The forces of domination - in Mexico the anti-Zapatista actors - engage in both offensive hegemonic netwar and defensive hegemonic netwar. The forces of resistance - pro-Zapatista actors - engage in both offensive counterhegemonic netwar and defensive counterhegemonic netwar.